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Journal of Diabetes Science and... May 2022SUPER GL compact is a bench-top analyzer for glucose, lactate, and hemoglobin concentrations. Glucose measurements in the biosensor are based on an...
SUPER GL compact is a bench-top analyzer for glucose, lactate, and hemoglobin concentrations. Glucose measurements in the biosensor are based on an enzymatic-amperometric reaction of glucose with glucose oxidase.In this study, trueness and precision were assessed with Standard Reference Material 965b (National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD) for 2 SUPER GL compact (S1 and S2) and 1 YSI 2300 STAT Plus (Y) device, using a protocol based on CLSI EP05-A3.Precision was similar among S1, S2, and Y. S1 and S2 exhibited negative bias at low concentrations and positive bias at high concentrations, whereas Y showed negative bias that increased with higher concentrations. Overall, SUPER GL compact's performance was comparable to that of YSI 2300 STAT Plus.
Topics: Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Glucose; Glucose Oxidase; Humans; Lactic Acid
PubMed: 33554637
DOI: 10.1177/1932296821991216 -
Journal of Diabetes Science and... May 2024Self-monitoring of blood glucose is a key aspect of diabetes management. Depending on the technology used, however, various substances can jeopardize the reliability of... (Review)
Review
Self-monitoring of blood glucose is a key aspect of diabetes management. Depending on the technology used, however, various substances can jeopardize the reliability of the measurements and precipitate complications with potentially life-threatening consequences when blood glucose was deemed well-controlled. As such, it is important for all involved to be aware of those factors. Officially suggested procedures for testing and alternatives have each their own advantages and limitations, and interferences may be found beyond the substances to be tested provided by the various pertinent institutions. This article reviews these pros and cons and illustrates how interference testing beyond established standards contributes to patient safety. Once identified, interfering substances are included in product labeling and healthcare professionals and users need to be trained to be aware of these risks.
Topics: Humans; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Patient Safety; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Hypoglycemic Agents
PubMed: 36514199
DOI: 10.1177/19322968221140420 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Apr 2024Glucokathexis is a clinical state characterized by low plasma glucose levels, in the presence of adequate glucose precursor stores. We conceive and construct this rubric...
Glucokathexis is a clinical state characterized by low plasma glucose levels, in the presence of adequate glucose precursor stores. We conceive and construct this rubric to initiate interest and inspire insight into this field of metabolic medicine. We list various conditions that can cause true as well as pseudo-glucokathexis.
Topics: Humans; Blood Glucose
PubMed: 38751289
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.24-28 -
Medicine Mar 2017Systematic review which analyzes the impact of different anesthesia on intraoperative blood glucose levels of diabetes patients. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Systematic review which analyzes the impact of different anesthesia on intraoperative blood glucose levels of diabetes patients.
METHODS
We searched Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wangfang, CNKI, and CBM database through June 2016, included in randomized controlled trial (RCT), about different anesthesia on intraoperative blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes. Two researchers in 1 group independently screened literatures with eligibility criteria, extracted information, and used RevMan5.3 software to perform meta-analysis.
RESULTS
We included 11 trials and performed the meta-analysis with 10 trials. The meta-analysis results suggested that compared with general anesthesia, the combined general-epidural anesthesia has a better glycemic control in intraoperative blood glucose levels (WMD -1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.77 to 0.76), the epidural anesthesia had no significant effects compared with general anesthesia (WMD -0.74, 95% CI 4.41-2.92), and the combined spinal-epidural anesthesia had no significant effects compared with epidural anesthesia (WMD -0.28, 95% CI -1.02 to 0.46). One study suggested that compared with epidural anesthesia, the combined general-epidural anesthesia can lower blood glucose levels CONCLUSION:: Existing evidence showed that compared with general anesthesia, the combined general-epidural anesthesia has a better glycemic control in intraoperative blood glucose levels.
Topics: Anesthesia; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans
PubMed: 28353577
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000006451 -
Indian Pediatrics Aug 2022To compare the continuous real time blood glucose (CG) measurement with venous laboratory blood glucose (LG) level in neonates during perioperative period.
OBJECTIVES
To compare the continuous real time blood glucose (CG) measurement with venous laboratory blood glucose (LG) level in neonates during perioperative period.
METHODS
Glucose levels were measured simultaneously by CG, glucometer glucose (GG) and LG at 40 time points in ten neonates during perioperative period. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland Altman analysis were used for comparison.
RESULT
Correlation between CG and LG was excellent (ICC= 0.953; P<0.001), and average difference was 23.8 (95%CI 52.9 to -5.3) mg/dL, showed better reliability than at hyperglycemic state (ICC=0.653; P=0.006). The GG-LG showed excellent reliability with ICC = 0.985; P<0.001 and average difference of 15.4 (95% CI 30.7 to 0.1) mg/dL. CG at euglycemic state (ICC= 0.880; P<0.001).
CONCLUSION
CG measurement is reliable for blood sugar estimation in neonates; but has lower reliability for hyperglycemia. The continuous trend of glucose measurement by CG is helpful for timely diagnosis of hyperglycemia during perioperative period in neonates.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Glucose; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Infant, Newborn; Perioperative Period; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 35962656
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2023In the past decade, university students have become more sedentary. A sedentary lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease....
In the past decade, university students have become more sedentary. A sedentary lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease. Methods that decrease sedentary lifestyles, such as the use of standing desks to increase physical activity, have been extensively examined. However, the effects of postprandial standing and sitting on energy metabolism have not yet been compared. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of standing after a meal on energy expenditure and glucose metabolism. Ten males participated in the present study. The experiment was initiated with 300 g of rice ingested as a carbohydrate load. The subjects maintained a standing or sitting position for 120 min after the meal. Energy expenditure was calculated from VO and VCO using the indirect calorimetry method. Glucose metabolism was assessed by measuring blood glucose levels and the exogenous glucose metabolic rate. Energy expenditure through standing after eating was approximately 0.16 ± 0.08 kcal/min higher than that through sitting. Blood glucose dynamics did not significantly differ between the standing and sitting positions. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in the dynamics of the exogenous glucose metabolic rate between the standing and sitting positions. Standing for 2 h after a meal increased energy expenditure by 10.7 ± 4.6% without affecting glucose metabolism.
Topics: Male; Humans; Blood Glucose; Energy Metabolism; Standing Position; Obesity; Sitting Position
PubMed: 37887672
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206934 -
Cardiovascular Diabetology Apr 2014In the emerging landscape of cardiovascular (CV) outcome trials evaluating the effects of blood glucose lowering drugs in individuals with type 2 diabetes, it is... (Review)
Review
In the emerging landscape of cardiovascular (CV) outcome trials evaluating the effects of blood glucose lowering drugs in individuals with type 2 diabetes, it is becoming increasingly apparent that since the promising signals coming from the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) no unequivocal benefits have been established for any single therapy thus far. There is an unmet need for introducing an effective pharmacological agent which could target both correlates of glycaemic regulation and CV risk factors, to ameliorate the enormous burden of fatal and non-fatal CV events in diabetic patients. Acarbose, like other alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs), has been proven to be an effective antidiabetic treatment for decades, but the overall significant impact of this class of drugs on modulating CV risk has only recently been appreciated. Accumulating evidence has shown that apart from its multiple effects on primarily postprandial glucose dysmetabolism, a key component of mechanisms linked to increased incidence of CV events, acarbose therapy also associates with a favorable impact on an array of surrogate markers of CV disease. Data stemming from in vitro testing of human cell lines as well as from preliminary trials in diabetic populations, like the Study to Prevent Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (STOP-NIDDM) trial, have highlighted - though not undisputed - the potential beneficial effects of the drug on CV morbidity. Large scale trials, like the ongoing Acarbose Cardiovascular Evaluation (ACE) trial, aim at conclusively establishing such a positive effect in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance. In view of its usually acceptable level of side effects that are, if they occur, mostly limited to transient gastrointestinal symptoms, acarbose could well be a strong future player in CV disease secondary prevention. Current discouraging results from many trials of antidiabetic medications to significantly lower CV event rates in diabetic patients, should only draw further attention on alternative glucose lowering agents, among which acarbose is indeed promising.
Topics: Acarbose; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cardiovascular Diseases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents
PubMed: 24742256
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-81 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Aug 2000To assess the effects of 30 of the most commonly used critical care drugs on measurements obtained with trilayer electrochemical biosensors on a reference analyzer... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of 30 of the most commonly used critical care drugs on measurements obtained with trilayer electrochemical biosensors on a reference analyzer (ABL625-GL), to determine metabolic changes in glucose and lactate in vitro, and to formulate guidelines for whole-blood analysis of these 2 analytes.
DESIGN
Serial measurements were taken of changes in glucose and lactate levels caused by metabolism in whole blood in vitro over time. A parallel control study of drug interference with measurements of glucose and lactate in whole blood and of dose-response relationships in whole-blood samples and in plasma samples also was conducted.
RESULTS
At room temperature, whole-blood metabolism decreased glucose levels -2.3% at 15 minutes, -4.6% at 30 minutes, and -6.4% at 45 minutes. Metabolism increased lactate levels 11.4% at 15 minutes, 20.6% at 30 minutes, and 26.7% at 45 minutes in vitro. Paired differences between drug-spiked and control samples were calculated to determine interference (corrected for metabolism). The threshold for determination of interference was +/-2 SD from within-day precision, equal to +/-0.18 and +/-0.10 mmol/L for glucose and lactate, respectively. Only mannitol (C(6)H(14)O(6)) interfered with glucose and lactate measurements. At a concentration of 24 mg/mL, mannitol decreased whole-blood glucose levels by an average of 0.711 mmol/L (12.8 mg/dL) and whole-blood lactate levels by 0.16 mmol/L (1.4 mg/dL). Mannitol interference with measurements may have resulted from suppression of hydrogen peroxide formation in the enzymatic reactions in the biosensors, repartitioning of water between erythrocytes and plasma, or from other mechanisms.
CONCLUSIONS
Most critical care drugs had no significant effects on the trilayer electrochemical biosensors. Whole-blood analysis should be performed within 15 minutes for lactate and within 30 minutes for glucose because of metabolism in vitro. Mannitol effects on glucose measurements may be clinically significant in mannitol-induced acute renal failure and therefore should be considered for appropriate diagnosis and treatment of critically ill patients.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Blood Glucose; Calibration; Critical Care; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Humans; Lactic Acid; Mannitol; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Reproducibility of Results; Specimen Handling
PubMed: 10923071
DOI: 10.5858/2000-124-1128-WBGAL -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020Electrical methods are among the primarily studied non-invasive glucose measurement techniques; however, various factors affect the accuracy of the sensors used. Of...
Electrical methods are among the primarily studied non-invasive glucose measurement techniques; however, various factors affect the accuracy of the sensors used. Of these, the temperature is a critical factor; hence, the effects of temperature on the electrical properties of blood components are investigated in this study. Furthermore, the changes in the electrical properties of blood according to the glucose level are corrected by considering the effects of temperature on the electrical properties. An impedance sensor is developed and used to measure whole blood impedance in 10 healthy participants at various temperatures and glucose levels. Subsequently, the conductivities of the plasma and cytoplasm were extracted. Changes in the electrical properties of the blood components are then analyzed using linear regression and repeated measures ANOVA. The electrical conductivities of plasma and cytoplasm increased with increasing temperatures (plasma: 0.0397 (slope), 0.7814 (), cytoplasm: 0.014 (slope), 0.694 ()). At three values of increasing glucose levels (85.4, 158.1, and 271.8 mg/dL), the electrical conductivities of the plasma and cytoplasm decreased. These tendencies are more significant upon temperature corrections (-values; plasma: 0.001, 0.001, cytoplasm: 0.003, 0.002). The relationships between temperature and electrical conductivity changes can thus be used for temperature corrections in blood glucose measurement.
Topics: Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Dielectric Spectroscopy; Electric Impedance; Humans; Temperature
PubMed: 33142877
DOI: 10.3390/s20216231 -
Minerva Anestesiologica May 2012Extensive data have shown that acute hyperglycemia is commonly present in the perioperative period among patients undergoing surgery or with critical illness, and a... (Review)
Review
Extensive data have shown that acute hyperglycemia is commonly present in the perioperative period among patients undergoing surgery or with critical illness, and a direct relationship between perioperative hyperglycemia and mortality has been established. An outstanding trial by Van den Berghe showed that intensive insulin therapy (IIT) (target blood glucose, 80-110 mg/dL) reduced in-hospital mortality. However, recent large trials have questioned the efficacy and safety of IIT and raised concerns about increased mortality rates due to hypoglycemia. This review focused on how anesthetic agents and techniques, fluid management and preoperative oral intake would affect glucose metabolism and insulin resistance, in addition to recent controversial effects of IIT on improved mortality rate. Anesthesiologists should pay attention not only to the efficacy and risks of IIT during the perioperative period, but also to effects of fluid management, anesthetic agents and techniques during anesthesia on glucose homeostasis.
Topics: Anesthesia, Conduction; Anesthetics; Blood Glucose; Clinical Protocols; Critical Care; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Perioperative Care; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 22327042
DOI: No ID Found